ABSTRACT
Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) often presents in the form of an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) caused by slow blood flow leading to thrombus formation in ectatic coronary arteries. The usual approach is thrombectomy with intracoronary thrombolysis but often does not guarantee immediate blood flow. A 45-year-old male presented with anginal chest pain and was diagnosed with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), managed Immediately with tissue plasminogen activator(t-PA) followed later with coronary angiography revealing diffused Multiple coronary ectasia MCEA with no identified culprit lesions afterward. The patient was followed up periodically, with favorable outcomes on daily aspirin, direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC), and guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for coronary artery disease (CAD) and reduced ejection fraction heart failure (HF-rEF). This case management strategy was dictated by available resources at the time of presentation; however, it signifies the importance and favorable outcome of thrombolysis in CEA/STEMI patients. Future large-scale studies are required toward defining the duration as well as the choice of long-term anticoagulation.
ABSTRACT
Background: A deficiency in vitamin B12 could result in particular consequences which need consideration. Thisresearch aims to measure the awareness level with regard to the importance and deficiency of vitamin B12 amongSaudi population. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2019 amongSaudi women and men who aged over 18 years. A sample of 489 subjects participated. The data was collectedthrough an electronic questionnaire that had been distributed through social media. Data were analyzed usingSPSS version 20. Results: Among all participants, 22.1% have never heard about vitamin B12. Among the studiedpopulation, 56.6% identified the importance of vitamin B12 intake to the body, 49.7% knew food sources forvitamin B12, and 48.5% knew signs and symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency. In comparison, only 30.7% knewthe complications of vitamin B12 deficiency. Most participants (65.4%) did not know how to prevent vitamin B12deficiency, and almost all 94.5% required more information regarding vitamin B12 deficiency. Conclusion: Thereis a crucial need to raise the awareness of vitamin B12 among the population of Saudi Arabia. There are manysuggestive activities to spread the awareness of vitamin B12 including spreading knowledge in campaigns atschools, areas where most people gather as in malls, and social media.